Naloxone

Naloxone
	File:Naloxone.svg; Chemical structure of naloxone
Formula	C19H21NO4
Administration	Intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intranasal, endotracheal
Solubility	Freely soluble in water
Legal status	Prescription only (most countries); OTC intranasal spray in many regions (e.g. Narcan)
Brand names	Narcan, Nyxoid, Kloxxado, Zimhi, Prenoxad
Bioavailability	~2% (oral); 90–100% (IV/IM/SC); 40–50% (intranasal)
Recommended dose	Opioid overdose: 0.4–2 mg IV/IM/IN, repeat every 2–3 min as needed (may go up to 10 mg total); continuous IV infusion 0.4–4 mg/hour if needed
Upper limit	No absolute upper limit in life-threatening opioid overdose (titrate to effect)
LD50	150 mg/kg (rat, oral); 280 mg/kg (mouse, oral)

Introduction

Naloxone
File:Naloxone.svg Chemical structure of naloxone
Formula	C₁₉H₂₁NO₄
Administration	Intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intranasal, endotracheal
Solubility	Freely soluble in water
Legal status	Prescription only (most countries); OTC intranasal spray in many regions (e.g. Narcan)
Brand names	Narcan, Nyxoid, Kloxxado, Zimhi, Prenoxad
Bioavailability	~2% (oral); 90–100% (IV/IM/SC); 40–50% (intranasal)
Recommended dose	Opioid overdose: 0.4–2 mg IV/IM/IN, repeat every 2–3 min as needed (may go up to 10 mg total); continuous IV infusion 0.4–4 mg/hour if needed
Upper limit	No absolute upper limit in life-threatening opioid overdose (titrate to effect)
LD50	150 mg/kg (rat, oral); 280 mg/kg (mouse, oral)